生态．植被．泉水

作者对济南泉水由６０年代常年昼夜喷涌到８０年代百泉干涸的变化过程，作了简要回顾，用对比分析方法着重探讨了生态、植被和泉水的内在联系。认为森林植被状况是影响济南市地下水位和泉水涌量的根本原因，提出了以大规模生态工程建设，增加地面植被，丰富地下水源，作为保泉基本措施的建议。     

Agroforestry systems in North America

Agroforestry systems in North America vary widely in terms of components (tree, forb, graminoid, and shrub species) and outputs. Most of the agroforestry systems used in North America have emphasized wood and livestock production. The objective of each system has been to produce annual and long term economic returns and sustainable yields. Inputs such as fossil fuels, fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides are relatively low compared to those used in conventional agriculture.Major agroforestry system types in each of eight North American regions are described. The major species used as vegetational components in each system are enumerated by region. The numerous variations in how these components are mixed have created an almost endless number of actual systems. Management problems and solutions, economic concerns, and system comparisons have also been addressed for each region.     

祁连山坡地草场水土流失回归模型的建立

通过对祁连山坡地草场过度、中度和轻度放牧类型产生水土流失的数据分析，运用回归分析及方差显著性检验对径流量和土壤流失量、降水强度对水土流失量的影响情况进行了分析，结果表明，过度放牧观测小区水土流失量（E）与径流量（F）、径流系数（C）及降水量（P）之间呈现E=68.4831 3.9532F-0.8586C-11.1243P的拟合关系（r=0.9091），中度放牧地呈现E=2.8184 0.8692F-0.3325C-0.6627P的拟合关系（r=0.9734），轻度放牧呈现E=-0.0019-0.0781F-0.0009C-0.0005P的拟合关系（r=0.8986）。同时指出当降水强度一定时，坡地草场由于放牧强度不同，其径流系数差异显著，过度放牧草地在雨季有较大降水量是流域内产生水土流失的主要来源。     

Seasonal changes of understorey herbage yield in relation to light intensity and soil moisture content in a Pinus pinaster plantation

The relationship of understorey herbage yield with light intensity and soil moisture content was investigated in a 20-year-old Pinus pinaster plantation in Kilkis of Macedonia, northern Greece, in three seasons (fall, winter and spring). The plantation was thinned at three density levels, high, medium and low (2500, 1750 and 1000 trees/ha respectively) and it was seeded with Dactylis glomerata. In addition, two fertilization levels (0 and 110 N+150 P₂O₅ kg/ha) and grazing intensity levels (0 and 0.8 sheep/ha/yr) were applied in a split-split plot experimental design. It was found that herbage yield was highest in the ungrazed and fertilized low tree density stands in all seasons. In the medium tree density stand, although light was lacking, fertilized plots produced higher herbage yield as compared to unfertilized low tree density stands while fertilization is of no use in close stands if herbage production is the goal. Animals seemed to prefer fertilized and medium density stands. Third degree polynomial equations were the best to explain herbage variation through the seasons both in fertilized and unfertilized plots.     

农民工未来阶级、阶层走向解析

"民工"从语词上界定可以理解为:农民和工人双重身份,本文放在传统农业向现代农业转变的大背景下,着重考察了游离在城乡之间的农民工主题身份的认定,及其未来的阶级、阶层走向,按照断裂社会的运作逻辑,经过分化重组的当下社会必定会出现新的阶级、阶层.这些阶级、阶层与传统阶级、阶层有什么区别和联系,农民工如果被假定为工人阶级而客观存在.那么这些生活在城市里农民能否获得市民身份的认同?对这些问题的回答有利于我们走出"城乡二元格局"的困境,有利于构建更加稳定、和谐的社会主义新农村.     

装载机动臂断裂原因分析与改进措施

论证了30装载机断裂机理，通过对动臂危险截面受力分析，在不改变工作装置各零部件铰点、保证零部件通用性的情况下，增加动臂板危险截面面积，提高动臂危险截面处安全系数，改进下料与焊接工艺，从而避免了动臂断裂。     

爆破溃副坝的流量过程线计算方法及其应用

在考虑特定水库的入流、库容特性及阻力、泄洪特性的基础上 ,按照水量平衡与输沙平衡原理 ,提出副坝逐渐溃决的流量过程线的 1种新的计算方法 ,该方法被用于某水库安全问题的研究 ,结果表明该方法是切实可行的。     

牧草柳枝稷种子破休眠技术的研究

柳枝稷switchgrass (panicum virgatum)的种子属深度休眠。本文探索了后熟化(干藏),冷冻层化(湿润冷藏),磨擦,浸泡,以及植物生长调节剂GA和ABA对破除种子休眠的影响。     

“中国春”小麦不同缺体的RAPD分析

利用ＰＣＲ－９０Ａ型ＤＮＡ扩增仪，对７个中国春小麦缺体核ＤＮＡ进行了扩增。结果显示，中国春小麦缺体核ＤＮＡ的ＲＡＰＤ产物可分为二种类型：（１）所有供试材料均能扩增出的片段，代表了核ＤＮＡ在进化上的保守性。有一个引物检测到这类片段。（２）全部供试材料间存在的差异片段，这类片段是用来基因定位的主要依据。另外，建立中国春小麦缺体系统的ＲＡＰＤ指纹图谱对研究小麦的系统进化也将有重要意义     

气门弹簧的可靠度计算

论述了一种实用有效的计算气门弹簧可靠度的方法。在基本随机变量概率特性已知的情况下，使用二阶矩技术计算了气门弹簧的可靠度，并编制了实用的计算机程序，可以迅速准确地得到气门弹簧的可靠度。